• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A method and a device for injecting a reducing agent into an exhaust line (2) at an internal combustion engine, the reducing agent being sprayed in the form of a spray through at least one nozzle (4) against a plurality of evaporation plates (5) arranged in an exhaust line section, which are oriented substantially along a main flow direction (R) of the exhaust line section, each having an upstream end portion (5 '), a downstream end portion (5' '), a first side (9) and a second side (10). The reducing agent is sprayed against the evaporating side of the evaporation plates (5) and the first side (9), respectively, constituting the evaporation side between said upstream end portion (5 ') and said downstream end portion (5' '), which are kept free from spraying. The invention also relates to an exhaust system and a vehicle. 1
    公开号:SE1350467A1
    申请号:SE1350467
    申请日:2013-04-12
    公开日:2014-10-13
    发明作者:Niklas Nordin；Dennis Konstanzer
    申请人:Scania Cv Ab；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    10evaporated state comes in contact with and gets stuck onthe inner wall surface of the exhaust line. The exhaust line is cooled by ambientair and therefore normally has a lower temperature than the exhaust gases insidethe exhaust line.Injection of the urea solution also contributes to the coolingof the wall of the exhaust line locally to the extent that the urea solution reaches thiswall. This is an additional aggravating circumstance, which cancontribute to the build-up of unwanted coatings. When the temperatureimmersed in an area receiving injected urea solution belowevaporation temperature for urea, there will be a buildup of urea as wellurea base compounds to accumulate and build up in these areas,where typically the water in the urea solution has not been boiled off.If the formation of solid urea is greater than the evaporation, one occursfurther accumulation of urea in the exhaust line, whereby urea candecomposes into a number of different compounds, which can react with each otherand with newly added urea from the exhaust gases. The result is onesignificant construction of solid material consisting of primitivespolymers on urea base which form coatings on the inside ofthe exhaust line. Such coatings can over time even moreor less block an exhaust line with all that that entailsoperations. In addition, it causes poor evaporation of added ureareduction of the exhaust gas purification function of the internal combustion engine.
    Many factors affect the formation of fastingurea accumulations, and in this case exhaust, wall, andspray properties. The exhaust gas properties are, for example, temperature,composition, flow and flow rate. The wall properties arefor example the thermal conductivity, external temperature and thermal conductivity of the wall materialssurface structure. The spray properties include droplet size distribution,spray angle, spray speed, temperature of spray, dosing frequencyand the density of the spray liquid. Furthermore, design andstructural factors such as injection position andinjection angle relative to the exhaust gases and the design of the nozzle.
    An example of the background of the technology is the US2008/0193353 Al and US 2008 / Ol3467l Al. In both of these writingslOdescribes the injection of urea into an exhaust line upstream of a systemwith evaporating plates.
    OBJECTS AND MOST IMPORTANT CHARACTERISTICS OF THE INVENTIONIt is an object of the present invention thatprovide a method and apparatus involvingfurther developments of the prior art in order to on aeconomically and reliably at least reduce the problems ofpoor evaporation of injected urea into an exhaust line in variousoperating permit for an internal combustion engine.
    This object is achieved in a procedure of initiallymentioned blow by spraying the reducing agent againstthe respective first side of the evaporation platesevaporation side between an upstream end portion and adownstream end portions, which are kept free from spraying.
    In this way, a number of advantages are achieved. Bythe reducing agent is sprayed against a first page constitutingevaporation side of each evaporation plate is allowed to be oppositeside of each evaporating plate is kept free from the waterbornethe reducing agent and thereby essentially exclusively comes incontact with and allowed to be heated by the hot exhaust gases, wherebythe evaporation properties of the evaporation plates are improved.
    The reason for this is that the heat conduction from the hot(second side) to the first side takes place only through the platesthickness dimension, from one side to another side, which is onegreat advantage, as a more direct heat transfer is allowed.
    In this way, efficient evaporation can be achieved with evaporation plates ofstainless steel, which can withstand the very aggressive environmentprevailing in this portion of an exhaust line, notwithstanding this materialpoor thermal conductivity. Because of the badthe thermal conductivity of stainless steel is thus an advantagethat the invention avoids being dependent onheat conduction occurs laterally across the width and length ofevaporation plates of this type in order to requiredevaporation temperature must be reached on the evaporation sides of the plates.lOBy keeping the evaporator plates upstream anddownstream end portions first of all effectively avoid urea sprayends up on said second side, opposite the evaporation side and thaturea spray is allowed to leave the evaporator plate arrangement without evenhit an evaporation plate, which could cause build-upof unwanted coatings downstream of the evaporation plates accordinglywith what is described above.
    By the invention, the reducing agent (urea) is injected intoprinciple in practice from the side of the unit with evaporator platesso that an area of an edge, which extends between upstream andthe downstream end portions, for each evaporation plate having oneevaporator plate placed behind it, seen in the direction of spraying locatedin a spray range.
    This means that sprays that fall outside said edge anddoes not hit the evaporation surface of a first evaporation plate insteadhits the evaporation surface of a second, underlying evaporation plateetc. The invention also achieves a protective effect of the platesso that it is largely avoided that the reducing agent ends up on oneunwanted place with the consequences this would otherwise have.
    This means that there is a larger evaporation area per plateavailable, requiring a smaller amount of urea per unit areaevaporated by the evaporation plates, which leads to more efficientevaporation, especially in otherwise problematic operating conditions.
    By spraying from the side is allowed further, by adapting differentmutual angles, that the spray angle can be increased in an advantageous mannerallowing beneficial increase of sprayed surface ofthe evaporation plates.
    Furthermore, the invention entails loweringprecision requirements can be set on the spray system itself because throughthe invention allows a spray containing comparatively largerdrops are acceptable, hence more uncomplicated injection pumpsand injection nozzles can be used, which makes it more economicalproduction and in addition lower operating costs forthe injector system.l0In addition, a spray has proven to be an advantagecontaining larger drops because such a spray is moreeasily controlled as to where the spray ends up on the evaporation platesin comparison with a spray with very small drops, aerosols, whichmuch easier to be transported by the exhaust stream and risks thatend up in unwanted places. All in all, this allows the use ofa large evaporation surface, which thus does not lead to anything remainingliquid film, as this provides greater evaporation potential.
    It is advantageous for the reducing agent to be sprayed againstthe evaporation sides while forming acute angles betweenspray directions for the reducing agent and the evaporation sides, seenacross the main flow direction, at least in surface portionsconnecting to respective edges extending between saidupstream and downstream end portions, which edges are adjacentsaid nozzle. This achieves that the flow ofthe reducing agent along the surface portions takes place in desired directions andthe reducing agent is prevented from passing an adjacent edge of onesuch that spray droplets risk hitting cold surfacesthe exhaust line.
    It is preferred that the reducing agent be sprayed againstthe evaporation plates which partially overlap each other because thismeans that it can spread to larger surface areas, which meansbetter conditions for evaporation.
    Suitably the reducing agent is injected into the exhaust line in onemain spray direction, which forms an angle between 700 - 900 withthe main flow direction_ It is also suitable that the reducing agentsprayed at a spread angle of 200 - 1200, wherebythe angle of spread in the transverse direction of the exhaust line may be different than inthe longitudinal line of the exhaust line.
    Thus, typically, the transverse angle is transverse tothe exhaust line so selected that the reducing agent is sprayed partly on oneportion of an evaporating plate, partly past an edge thereofevaporation plate to end up on one in the spray direction behindevaporation plate, past an edge thereof, etc.l0The invention also relates to a device for injectinga reducing agent in an exhaust line at an internal combustion enginecomprising at least one nozzle for sprayingthe reducing agent in the form of a spray against a plurality in oneevaporator lines arranged evaporation plates, which areoriented substantially along a main flow direction forthe exhaust line section, and each of which has oneupstream end portion, a downstream end portion, a first side and asecond side, wherein said at least one nozzle is located anddirected to spray the reducing agent against the evaporator platesrespective first side constituting evaporation side between saidupstream end portion and said downstream end portion, so that these portionskept free from spraying.
    Features corresponding to the above procedural features entailcorresponding benefits.
    The at least one nozzle is suitably arranged inthe exhaust line between said upstream and downstream end portions,seen in said main flow direction.
    The evaporation plates preferably partially overlapseen from said at least one nozzle.
    Seen across said main flow direction hasthe evaporation plates with advantage cross-sectional shape from the group: whole orpartly rectilinear, single curved, multiple curved and partly curved.
    The at least one nozzle is preferably arranged toinjecting the reducing agent into the exhaust line in a main spray direction,which forms an angle between 700 - 900 with the main flow direction.
    It is preferred that the number of evaporating plates be 2 - 8. More preferredthe number of evaporation plates is 4 - 6.
    It is further preferred that the evaporation plates have a length inthe main flow direction which is 2 - 5 times their width acrossthe flow direction to achieve safe evaporation even of largersprayed drops of reducing agent.
    The invention also relates to an exhaust system for ainternal combustion engine comprising a device as above and avehicles, whereby corresponding benefits are achieved.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGSThe invention will now be described in more detail with reference toembodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings, onwhich:Fig. 1 shows an axial section through an exhaust lineequipped with a device according to the invention,Fig. 2 shows a cross section of an exhaust line in the areaof a device according to a second embodiment of the invention,Fig. 3 schematically shows a cross section of an exhaust linein a third embodiment of the invention,Fig. 4 schematically shows an exhaust system equipped with adevice according to the invention, andFig. 5 schematically shows a vehicle according to the invention.
    DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTSFig. 1 shows a device 1 for injecting areducing agent in an exhaust line to an internal combustion engine 13 (seeFigs. 4, 4) in a vehicle 1000 (see Fig. 5). In the shown section of aexhaust line 2 is arranged a nozzle 4 in the area ofthe wall of the exhaust line. The nozzle 4 is fed with reducing agent of onepump 3. Additional elements such as dosing equipment, control circuits,which are necessary for the operation of the device 1 are not shown in fig.1.
    The nozzle 4 is arranged to spray a spray offthe reducing agent on a number of evaporating plates 5, the sprayconsists of a spray mist 6 with a spreading angle ß seen in a planeparallel to a main flow direction R for exhaust gases flowingthrough the exhaust line 2.
    The spray mist is sprayed with a main spray direction 7, which inthe example shown forms a right angle with saidmain flow direction R.
    8 schematically indicates a sprayed area onevaporator plate assembly 5. Each of the evaporator plates 5further has an upstream end portion 5 'and a downstream end portion", which are kept free from direct spraying of the nozzle 4.
    Fig. 2 shows an arrangement with a nozzle 4 inin connection with an exhaust line 2, which is shown in cross section. The nozzle4 syringes with a spread angle d seen transversely to in this casefive evaporation plates 5, which are flat after a part of theirto the extent closest to the nozzle, the flat portions,fan-shaped, forming mutual angles with each other. Eachevaporator plate 5 has a first side 9, which has a plane,which forms an angle with the main spray direction 7 and is obliquely directed towardsnozzle 4 so that on this evaporator plate 5 only this firstpage 9 will be sprayed directly with reducing agent fromnozzle 4. On the opposite side of each evaporator plate 5, which isa second side 10, according to the invention the exhaust stream willflow along the surface without having to evaporate on this sidepresent liquid reducing agent. That's how it comessecond side 10 to be allowed to heat strongly, thereby heat transferfrom this other side, the heating side, to the evaporating side 9takes place through the thickness dimension of the evaporating plate 5.
    Each of the five evaporation plates atthe embodiment in Fig. 2 thus has in this way aevaporation side and a heating side.
    Seen across the main flow direction R (see Fig. 1) is sprayedthe reducing agent against the evaporation sides of the respectivethe evaporation plates while forming acute angles V1, V2, V3between spray directions of the reducing agent and the evaporation sides,at least in surface portions adjoining the respective edges extendingbetween said upstream end portions 5 'and said downstream end portions", which edges are adjacent said nozzle or nozzles4. This causes the reducing agent to flow into the desireddirections and avoid the risk of hitting cold surfacesof the exhaust line.
    By ll is denoted a longitudinal, substantially parallelwith a flow direction R (see Fig. 1) extending longitudinallyedge bending on a side edge of each opposite evaporation platethe edge facing the area of the nozzle 4. The purpose of thislongitudinal edge bending is to catch any remainingdrops of evaporator and to slow down any residuewall film, which by spraying action can move in the transverse direction onthe evaporation side of each evaporation plate.
    Fig. 3 shows schematically for the purpose of clarification in aexhaust line 2 two completely flat evaporation plates 5a and 5b, whichappear clearly overlapping each other, so that an area 12 of itthe underlying evaporator plate 5b is protected from directspraying reducing agent from the nozzle 4 through itfront evaporating plate 5a. This area 12 is usedaccording to the invention to provide additional heating surface andto this area come in different operating states liquid droplets andwall film to be allowed to slide or otherwise be moved from itdirectly sprayed the area allowing an increase in the prevalence ofthe area in which evaporation of the reducing agent can take place.
    In Fig. 4, 14 schematically indicates (a part of) aexhaust system for an internal combustion engine 13 equipped with one of a pump3 fed device 1 according to the invention. With 15, one is indicatedDiesel oxidation catalyst (DOC), with 16a filter for filtering out soot particles (DPF: Dieselparticulate filter), with 18 a catalyst in which the nitrogen oxides inthe exhaust gases are reduced in the presence of ammonia (SCR: Selective catalyticreduction unit) and with 19 a unit for removal of anyresidual ammonia (ASC: Ammonia slip catalyst). 17 indicates onecontrol circuit for controlling the device 1 for injectingreducing agents. This control circuit 17 can be part of an integratedcontrol system for the internal combustion engine 13 and / or for a vehiclecontaining the exhaust system 14.
    The invention can be modified within the scope of thosesubsequent requirements. Thus, the evaporation plates can be designedwith different shapes, eg be continuously curved or wavy. INcase of a curved exhaust line section for insertion of the deviceaccording to the invention, the plates typically follow a then curved shapemain flow direction so as not to cause flow losses.l0l0In that case, it is a question of providing plates, whichare curved longitudinally.
    Flanges or various surface extensions, as appropriateextends in the main flow direction to avoid excessiveflow resistance, can be provided on the heating side ofincreased heat transfer from the exhaust gases.
    The surface on the evaporation side can be made with different surface structures,for example with a matte structure or velvet structure, which gives betteradhesion of sprayed spray compared to if the surface were completely glossy.
    Orientation of the plates so that the gravitational force is allowedact on spray as well as on sprayed reducing agent to expandfound sheet metal areas is a positive factor for the effect ofthe invention due to an increased spreading effect on the plates andthus utilization of larger sheet metal surfaces. Such an effect can be expectedin a device oriented as shown in Fig. 3.
    For attachment of the evaporating plates is used tofor example, strip-shaped struts, which extend through holes in the plates, andwhich struts are suitably set up with a tapered flownarrow ends in both upstream and downstream direction. The stay can in itsturn fastened by screwing or welding in a section ofthe exhaust line.
    If more than one nozzle is used for injectionthe reducing agent, these may be arranged to spray one after the otherseen in the main flow direction on elongated evaporation platesor so that, for example, a first nozzle sprays on a first numberevaporator plates and a second nozzle spray on a second numberevaporation plates.
    权利要求:
    Claims (17)
    [1]
    A method of injecting a reducing agent into an exhaust line (2) at an internal combustion engine, the reducing agent being sprayed in the form of a spray through at least one nozzle (4) against a plurality of evaporation plates (5) arranged in an exhaust line section, which are oriented substantially along a main flow direction (R) for the exhaust line section, each having an upstream end portion (5 '), a downstream end portion (5 "), a first side (9) and a second side (10), characterized in that - the reducing agent is sprayed against the evaporation plates (5) and first side (9), respectively, constituting an evaporation side between said upstream end portion (5 ') and said downstream end portion (5 "), which end portions are kept free from spraying.
    [2]
    Method according to claim 1, characterized in that - seen across the main flow direction (R), the reducing agent is sprayed against the evaporation sides to form acute angles (y¿, y¿, y3) between spray directions of the reducing agent and the evaporation sides, at least in surface portions adjacent to respective edges extending between said upstream end portions (5 ') and said downstream end portions (5 "), which edges are adjacent said nozzle or nozzles (4).
    [3]
    Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the reducing agent is sprayed against the evaporation plates (5) which partially overlap each other.
    [4]
    Method according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the reducing agent is injected into the exhaust line (2) in a main spray direction (7), which forms an angle between 700 and 900 with the main flow direction (R). 10 15 20 25 30 12
    [5]
    Method according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the reducing agent is sprayed with a spreading angle (d; ß) of 200 - 1200.
    [6]
    Device (1) for injecting a reducing agent into an exhaust line (2) at an internal combustion engine comprising at least one nozzle (4) for injecting the reducing agent in the form of a spray against a plurality of evaporation plates (5) arranged in an exhaust line section, which are oriented substantially along a main flow direction (R) of the exhaust line section, each having an upstream end portion (5 '), a downstream end portion (5 "), a first side (9) and a second side (10), characterized in that - at least one nozzle (4) is placed and directed to spray the reducing agent against the evaporation side of the evaporation plates (5) and the first side (9), respectively, between said upstream end portion (5 ') and said downstream end portion (5 "), so that these end portions are kept free from spraying. .
    [7]
    Device according to claim 6, characterized in that the evaporating plates (5) and said at least one nozzle (4) are arranged, seen transversely to the main flow direction (R), that the reducing agent is sprayed against the evaporation sides to form acute angles between spray directions of the reducing agent and the evaporating side. , at least in surface portions connecting to respective edges extending between said upstream end portions and said downstream end portions, which edges are adjacent to said nozzle (4).
    [8]
    Device according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that said at least one nozzle (5) is arranged in the exhaust line (2) between said upstream end portions (5 ') and said downstream end portions (5 "), seen in said main flow direction (R). 15 20 25 30 13
    [9]
    Device according to any one of claims 6 - 8, characterized in that the evaporation plates (5) partially overlap each other seen from said at least one nozzle (4).
    [10]
    Device according to one of Claims 6 to 9, characterized in that, seen across said main flow direction (R), the evaporation plates (5) have a cross-sectional shape from the group: fully or partially rectilinear, single-curved, multiple-curved and partially curved.
    [11]
    Device according to any one of claims 6 - 10, characterized in that said at least one nozzle (4) is arranged to inject the reducing agent into the exhaust line (2) in a main spray direction (7), which forms an angle between 700 - 900 with the main flow direction (R ).
    [12]
    Device according to any one of claims 6 - 11, characterized in that said at least one nozzle (4) is arranged to spray the reducing agent with a spreading angle (d; ß) of 200 - 1203
    [13]
    Device according to one of Claims 6 to 12, characterized in that the number of evaporation plates (5) is 2 to 8.
    [14]
    Device according to Claim 13, characterized in that the number of evaporation plates (5) is 4 to 6.
    [15]
    Device according to one of Claims 6 to 14, characterized in that the evaporation plates (5) have a length in the main flow direction which is 2 to 5 times their width across the flow direction.
    [16]
    Exhaust system for an internal combustion engine comprising a device according to any one of claims 6 - 15.
    [17]
    Vehicle comprising an exhaust system according to claim 16.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    SE540984C2|2019-02-19|
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    WO2014168554A1|2014-10-16|
    EP2984310A4|2016-12-21|
    EP2984310B1|2018-10-31|
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    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    JP2007032472A|2005-07-28|2007-02-08|Hitachi Ltd|Exhaust gas treatment device using urea water|
    DE102006058402A1|2006-12-12|2008-06-19|Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag|Device for admixing a reducing agent in an exhaust gas stream of an internal combustion engine|
    JP2008196479A|2007-02-09|2008-08-28|Sulzer Chemtech Ag|Exhaust gas cleaning system|
    JP4375465B2|2007-09-14|2009-12-02|トヨタ自動車株式会社|Additive dispersion plate structure in exhaust passage|
    JP5534925B2|2010-04-30|2014-07-02|ヤンマー株式会社|Exhaust gas purification system for internal combustion engine|
    JP2012047109A|2010-08-27|2012-03-08|Toyota Industries Corp|Exhaust gas purification apparatus|
    WO2012172945A1|2011-06-15|2012-12-20|株式会社豊田自動織機|Exhaust gas after-treatment device|
    FR2977913B1|2011-07-11|2015-06-26|Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa|DEVICE FOR INTRODUCING AND MIXING A LIQUID IN A PORTION OF A CONDUIT|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    SE1350467A|SE540984C2|2013-04-12|2013-04-12|Method and apparatus for injecting a reducing agent into an internal combustion engine|SE1350467A| SE540984C2|2013-04-12|2013-04-12|Method and apparatus for injecting a reducing agent into an internal combustion engine|
    PCT/SE2014/050386| WO2014168554A1|2013-04-12|2014-04-01|Method and device for the injection of a reducing agent into a combustion engine exhaust pipe|
    KR1020157032512A| KR20150142051A|2013-04-12|2014-04-01|Method and device for the injection of a reducing agent into a combustion engine exhaust pipe|
    EP14782582.2A| EP2984310B1|2013-04-12|2014-04-01|Method and device for the injection of a reducing agent into a combustion engine exhaust pipe|
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